Author(s): Dr. Ajay Singh

Abstract: The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into legal practice represents a paradigmatic shift in the conceptualization and delivery of legal services. This study critically examines the deployment of AI technologies—including machine learning (ML), natural language processing (NLP), and large language models (LLMs)—across core legal domains such as legal research, contract analytics, document generation, compliance monitoring, and predictive adjudication. Particular emphasis is placed on the Indian legal ecosystem, wherein nascent yet rapidly evolving applications—such as the Supreme Court’s SUPACE system, indigenous legal-tech platforms (e.g., CaseMine, SpotDraft), and vernacular AI initiatives (e.g., Bhashini)—illustrate both institutional commitment and infrastructural challenges. Through an interdisciplinary lens, the research interrogates the normative, procedural, and epistemic implications of AI adoption, highlighting key concerns surrounding data privacy, algorithmic opacity, systemic bias, and the erosion of explainability in legal reasoning. The paper argues for the urgent development of domain-specific regulatory frameworks, professional competency standards, and ethical oversight mechanisms to ensure that AI augments rather than displaces foundational legal principles such as fairness, accountability, and access to justice. By synthesizing empirical developments, doctrinal analysis, and policy discourse, this article contributes to a structured roadmap for the responsible integration of AI within the Indian and global legal contexts.

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence (AI), LegalTech, Algorithmic Transparency and Explainability, Access to Justice, Regulatory and Ethical Frameworks

DOI:10.61165/sk.publisher.v12i4.4

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The Role of AI in Transforming Legal Services in India: A Doctrinal and Empirical Study

Pages:24-32