Author(s): Afreen ¹ Dr. Manoj Kumar²

Abstract: Environmental ecology, biodiversity and climate change are closely interconnected dimensions of sustainable development. The Agra region of Uttar Pradesh represents an ecologically significant geographical area because of its semi-arid climatic conditions, the presence of the Yamuna River, agricultural landscapes, urban ecosystems, wetlands, forest patches and historically important natural habitats. However, rapid urbanisation, industrial expansion, population growth, changing land-use patterns, water pollution, declining groundwater levels and increasing climatic variability have created considerable environmental challenges in the region.

The present research paper examines the relationship between environmental ecology, biodiversity and climate change in the Agra region of Uttar Pradesh. It focuses on the major ecological characteristics of the region, the status and significance of its biological resources, the effects of changing climatic conditions, and the environmental pressures affecting terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Particular attention is given to the Yamuna River ecosystem, Sur Sarovar Bird Sanctuary (Keetham Lake), agricultural biodiversity, urban green spaces and surrounding natural habitats.

The study adopts a descriptive and analytical research approach based on secondary information, environmental literature, government publications and relevant scientific studies. It also proposes a framework for assessing regional ecological conditions through indicators relating to temperature, rainfall, land-use changes, water quality, vegetation cover and biodiversity. The paper highlights the importance of integrated environmental planning, ecosystem restoration, biodiversity conservation, climate adaptation and community participation. It concludes that sustainable ecological management requires coordinated efforts involving government institutions, research organisations, local communities and environmental stakeholders.

Keywords: Environmental Ecology, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Agra Region, Yamuna River, Sur Sarovar, Wetland Conservation, Ecosystem Sustainability, Environmental Degradation.

DOI:10.61165/sk.publisher.v12i3.8

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A Study on Environmental Ecology, Biodiversity and Climate Change in Agra Region, Uttar Pradesh

Pages:53-72